An Interpretive Study of the Verse of Khums with a Focus on Analyzing the Debate of Imam Reza (AS) (The Superiority of the Ahl al-Bayt over the Ummah)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Graduated in Quranic and Hadith Sciences of Faculty of Theology of University of Qom. Qom, Iran

2 Master Graduated in Education Management of Islamic Azad University of Central Tehran Branch. Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Exploration of the verses of the Holy Qur'an on the virtues and excellence of the Prophet's family (PBUH) signifies their significance. One of these verses is the verse of Khums (Verse 41 of Surah Al-Anfal). Considering the importance of the content of this verse from the perspective of Muslims, Imam Reza (AS) also refers to this verse as one of the proofs of the superiority of the Ahl al-Bayt over the Ummah. Based on the discourse of the Imam (AS), in this verse Allah has assigned a portion to the Prophet's kinsfolk which is equal to His own portion and the portion of the Messenger of Allah. Imam Reza (AS) specifically identifies the term 'Ladhi al-Qurba' with the Ahl al-Bayt, meaning the infallible Imam (AS), and considers the allocation of Khums to the Ahl al-Bayt as a distinguishing factor and their superiority over the Ummah. Among the Sunni scholars, the term 'Ladhi al-Qurba' has been interpreted in four ways: 1) All of the Quraysh, 2) Bani Hashim and Bani Muttalib, 3) Only Bani Hashim, and 4) The family of Muhammad (PBUH). The scholars of the Imamiyyah school have also presented various interpretations, such as the infallible Imam (AS), the Prophet's family, and so on, for the intended term. The results of the discussions in this study indicate that the Imam (AS) is the intended meaning of the term 'Dhī al-Qurba'. Furthermore, the terms ‘orphans,’ ‘needy,’ and ‘a passer-by in need of assistance’ are exemplifications of the Prophet's family. Various opinions exist on this matter. We have endeavored to analyze and examine them to the best of our ability, taking into account the statements of both factions and narrations.

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Biannual Journal of research in the interpretation of Quran
Volume 10, Issue 20
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Pages 377-406

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History

  • Receive Date: 21 August 2023
  • Revise Date: 21 September 2023
  • Accept Date: 05 November 2023

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